Innovative Breakthroughs in the Domestic Production of Polysilazane

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Polysilazane (PSZ), as a high-performance ceramic precursor material, has significant application value in high-end fields such as aerospace, metallurgy, chemical engineering, new energy power, and electronic packaging.

Polysilazane (PSZ) is an inorganic-organic hybrid polymer whose main chain is composed of alternating silicon (Si) and nitrogen (N) atoms. Its general structural formula is \([—Si(R,R')—N(R'')—]_n\), where R, R', and R'' can be hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, or other organic groups. Its structural principle and characteristics are as follows: The core structure of polysilazane is a framework composed of Si-N bonds, similar to the silicon-oxygen bonds in siloxanes (Si-O-Si), but with nitrogen atoms replacing oxygen atoms. Based on the different substituents, polysilazanes can be divided into three categories:

First, perhydropolysilazanes (PHPS): R, R', and R'' are all H, with the structure \([—SiH_2—NH—]_n\), exhibiting high reactivity.

Second, organically substituted polysilazanes: Some H atoms are replaced by methyl (—CH₃), vinyl (—CH=CH₂), or phenyl (—C₆H₅), such as \([—Si(CH₃)_2—N(CH₃)—]_n\).

Third, hybrid types: Containing both organic and inorganic substituents, combining processability and ceramic yield.

The Innovation Path of Polysilazanes: From Laboratory to Industrialization

First, Molecular Structure Optimization: By precisely controlling the chemical composition and crosslinking density of the silicon-nitrogen backbone, the ceramic yield (>80%) and high-temperature stability (temperature resistance exceeding 1600℃) of polysilazanes have been significantly improved. Advanced technologies such as catalytic cracking and copolymerization modification have been employed to further optimize the material's processing performance and end-application characteristics.

Second, high-purity synthesis processes: The challenge of large-scale preparation of high-purity polysilazanes has been overcome. Through a combination of chlorosilane ammonolysis and efficient purification technology, the content of metal impurities has been reduced to the ppm level, meeting the stringent purity requirements of the semiconductor and nuclear industries.

Third, application-oriented product development: To meet the needs of different industries, Silfuo has developed over thirty series of products, including low-molecular-weight, high-molecular-weight, epoxy, polyester, silicone, acrylic-modified silazanes, and functional silazane industrial coatings. These include protective coatings for anti-oxidation and corrosion resistance of aero-engine blades and high-temperature components in aerospace, new energy power, metallurgy, chemical engineering, and marine engineering.

Finally, composite material coatings: As a precursor to SiC/Si3N4 ceramic matrix composites, these enhance mechanical and thermal properties.

High-end Applications: Empowering Key Industries

Aerospace: Silfluo's polysilazane is applied to peptide alloy coatings for aircraft, and its polysilazane-derived ceramic coatings have been successfully applied to hot-end components of aero engines, replacing traditional precious metal coatings and significantly improving high-temperature resistance and service life while reducing costs.

New Energy: Silfluo's series of products, including epoxy-modified silazane, acrylic-modified silazane, and room-temperature curing insulating and voltage-resistant silazane, possess high dielectric strength, high insulation, voltage surge resistance, and wear, weather resistance, chemical resistance, and oxidation resistance. In the lithium-ion battery field, polysilazane coatings can significantly improve the thermal stability of the separator and electrolyte wettability; in hydrogen storage and transportation, its high-pressure resistance and corrosion resistance provide an ideal solution for hydrogen storage tank linings.

Electronic Packaging: As a high-performance dielectric material, the developed polysilazane exhibits excellent low dielectric constant and high thermal conductivity in semiconductor packaging, contributing to the development of advanced electronic technologies such as 5G and high-power devices.

Metallurgy and Chemical Industry: Polysilazane, possessing properties such as high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, weather resistance, chemical resistance, and thermal conductivity, can be compounded or grafted with epoxy, silicone, polyester, phenolic, and acrylic resins. It can also be combined with various organometallic oxides to significantly enhance or compensate for the shortcomings of each other. A novel functional modified coating incorporating graphene and organotitanium greatly improves the product's thermal conductivity (up to 248 W/(m·K)) and is widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry, home appliances, marine engineering, aerospace, and metal coatings for engines and heat exchangers.

Defense and Nuclear Industry: In the military field, polysilazane composite materials can be used for stealth structures and radiation-resistant, UV-resistant, and oxidation-resistant coatings to meet performance requirements in extreme environments.

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